High cholesterol is a major risk factor that triggers cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance found in our blood, essential for building healthy cells, making vitamins, and producing hormones. While cholesterol is necessary for the healthy functioning of the body, having too much of it can be dangerous for our heart health. Here are most common questions and misconceptions about high cholesterol and heart health.
What exactly are LDL and HDL, and how does high LDL impact our heart health?
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance in the body, transported through the bloodstream by two main types of lipoproteins:
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High-density lipoprotein (HDL) or ‘good’ cholesterol: HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from cells, including those in the arteries, which can lower the risk of heart disease and stroke.
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Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or ‘bad’ cholesterol: LDL carries the majority of cholesterol to cells throughout the body. When LDL levels are high, it can lead to formation of plaque in the arteries, causing blockages and increasing heart related diseases.
At what age is the risk of bad cholesterol high? And what can we do to reduce its risk?
The risk of developing high cholesterol rises after the age of 20, which is why it is important to have your cholesterol checked every 4 to 6 years until the age of 40. For those with high cholesterol, testing should occur every 1 to 2 years. After the age of 40, it is important to get cholesterol check annually.
What is the ideal cholesterol level for a healthy heart?
Cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) through a blood test known as a lipid panel or lipid profile. Here are the recommended ranges for total cholesterol in adults:
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A healthy cholesterol level should be below 200 mg/dl.
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The borderline cholesterol levels range from 200 to 239 mg/dl.
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High cholesterol levels are 240 mg/dl or higher.
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Low cholesterol levels are less than 40 mg/dl for men and less than 50 mg/dl for women (HDL cholesterol).
How does triglyceride levels relate to cholesterol?
Both triglycerides and cholesterol are lipids found in the blood but they serve different functions. Excess calories, alcohol, and sugar are converted into triglycerides, which primarily store energy as fat. In contrast, cholesterol helps build cells and produce certain hormones. High levels of triglycerides, along with high LDL (bad) cholesterol and low HDL (good) cholesterol, can increase the risk of heart disease.
What are the risk factors of high cholesterol other than obesity?
Many things contribute to high cholesterol, some of which one can control and other factors are beyond control. Risk factors like poor dietary choices, sedentary lifestyles, smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, genetic makeup, diabetes, high blood pressure, thyroid disorders, kidney diseases, and certain medications can contribute to high cholesterol levels.
If high cholesterol runs in my family, does that mean an individual is more likely to develop it?
Some people are more prone to experiencing high LDL due to a family history of high cholesterol. This is because you may have inherited a genetic condition called familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). If someone from your family has high cholesterol levels or other heart health issues, then going for regular checkups and making necessary changes in your lifestyle is crucial.
With heart attacks on the rise among young adults, what role does cholesterol have to play here?
High cholesterol levels increase the risk of cardiovascular problems, including heart attacks because high cholesterol levels can lead to a buildup of plaque in the arteries while increasing the risk of heart attacks even in younger adults. Other factors like unhealthy dietary choices, smoking, and too much stress can also worsen the condition. Managing your cholesterol levels early on can help prevent heart problems in later life.
Heart health should be a priority for all to keep major health complications at bay. Therefore, one must monitor cholesterol levels regularly.
Disclaimer: This article is meant for informational purposes only and must not be considered a substitute for professional advice.
